When we
are involve in the production costing at that time we need to understand the
direct material costing concept completely. The Direct Material can be define
as those materials which are directly involved in the production of materials
and goods and they are completely consumed in the productions process those materials
are known as direct materials.
The difference between the standard materials cost and
actual material cost is known as the material variance. That is also known as
total direct material variance. The managerial accountants have proper
abstracted formulas to define the total direct material variances. Which is a
explained as bellow:
Direct Material Variance: Static Budget - Actual Results
= (SQ x SP) - (AQ
x AP)
Static
Budget: Standard
Quantity x Standard Price
Actual Results: Actual
Quantity x Actual Price
The Direct Material variance has future effects on the
product price and quantity and we have two different variance there and that
are known as price variance and quantity variance and they can be explain as
follows:
Direct Material Price Variance:
That
means the difference between the direct material standard and actual price and
we can further explain it as follows.
Direct Material Price Variance: Middle Budget - Actual
Results
= (AQ x SP) - (AQ
x AP)
= AQ x (SP x AP)
Direct Material Quantity Variance:
That
means the difference between the direct material standard and actual quantity
and we can further explain it as follows.
Direct Material Quantity Variance: Static
Budget - Middle Budget
= (SQ x SP) - (AQ
x SP)
= SP x (SQ x AQ)
There is still the favorable and unfavorable concept exits
in the direct material variances and
according to it when the workers of a production company they use the less
quantity of materials and put their complete efforts to make the efficient production
for company that variance is known as favorable variance and when the
worker shrink the production, making the huge material waste and involving in
the material or products theft activities that is called the unfavorablevariance for the direct marital .
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